Agricultural Science

INFLUENCE OF PHOSPHORUS AND SEED SIZE ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF TWO SOYBEAN (Gtycute max. L., Merrill) VARIETIES

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out with two soybean, Glycine mas L., Merrill varieties namely Samsoy-2 and TGM-344 to study the influence of phosphorus levels (0. 35 and 70kg P2O5 ha-1) and seed sizes (small, medium and large) on growth and yields of the crops at Samaru located in the Northern Guinea Savanna of Ngeria during the 1990 wet season. Phosphorus at the rate of 35kg P2O5 ha-1 stimulated more growth and grain yield (1465.7kg ha’1 ) on these varieties than either 0 or 70 kg P2O5 ha-1 treatments at this localityCultivation rM-344 had plants with vigorous growth but lower grain yield than the cv. Samsoy-2. The greater grain yield by Samsoy-2 could be attributed to its lower lodging (41.9 plants’plot) and higher one-hundred-seed weight (15.3g) than the TGM-344. Plants raised from large seeds had more numbers of nodes, branches, pods and seeds/plant, 100-seed weight, total dry weight/plant and total grain yield than plants from either medium or small sizes of seeds. The interactions of phosphorus and seed size on soybean varieties indicated that large seeds of fGM-344 produced plants with significantly more nodes/plant, tiller plants and more dry weight/plant at 35 kg &2P5 na than the Samsoy-2 plants. It also generated more flowers, pods and seeds/plant. There was significant positive correlation between Ihe grain yield/hectare and some agronomic qualities like the numbers of flowers, pods,branches and nods/plant, leal dry weight/plant, plant height and one-hundred-seed weight. The cultivation of the cv. Samsoy-2 at Samaru locality should be encouraged using 35kg ha-1 of P2O5 fertilizers and large seeds for higher grain yield production.



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