Graphic Design for Computer Applications

Graphic Design for Computer Applications

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The ways computer application is embrace in every aspect of human life shows that every activity, organization cooperation, companies, hospital etc. need to be computerized. Hospital activities are not exceptional in this computerized world. The information revolution age is a result of several developments in electronics and information.

The height of revolution and computers in particular is the availability of power at modest cost for the consumption of business organization makes the difference. The introduction of microcomputers to information processing gives to all levels of managers, more power to retrieve and process information; however, it is not a difficult task for computer specialists.

Thus, the arrival of the desktop computer and the ability to retrieve needed information from many driven sources, promises a huge increase in decision-makers productivity. Furthermore, it is very important to survey the use of the newly discovered continually; this fact points to the need to document every aspect of the computer system. Attention should be turned towards the reduced need to understand the technicalities, that the system developers bothered with in order to design and implement a new system.

The hospital’s activities, including personal records, drug inventory, disease inventory and birth statistics, keep growing from time to time due to the apparent population explosion. These areas can benefit from the information technology tool called computers. The control and management of the data call for a database management system (DBMS), which is responsible for handling structured data that will store manually on a card index or cabinet containing files.

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

To promise quality medical services to all inhabitants of Abuja and its envious.

To undertake the diagnosis and treatment of a broad range of ailments etc.

The hospital has the following department which includes:

Administrative

The medical division which has internal medical pediatric obstetric

Gynaecology and sergeant

Account

Micro laboratory

Cattery work

Central stores

Laundry

Nursing departments etc.

The hospital keeps the following record in this manner: hospital attendance, number of admission to hospital beds or discharge.

Postnatal

The medical college also serves a string base for graduates in order to acquire much-needed experience in the medical profession; the hospital has a lot of facilities that include:

X-ray
Ultras
Discharge death
Medical laboratory
Surgery

1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The body care unit (BCU) is un-charge of babies born in the hospital. This documentation has created problems in filling the unit of the hospital. The problems that have been created through the documentation of the file include the following:

Mostly, it occupies some rooms which should have been useful for another important things in the hospital.

Considering the fact that the activities of the organization are operated manually, it becomes necessary to date the problem encountered in carrying out their daily duty, since the sole aim of the baby care unit is to produce useful information needed by the management in the birth and death rate of the babies in the hospital. It becomes frustrating when this information is not accurate makes the system to encounter the problem of having so much file work at transit state a most of the employee’s file may be missing.

This hinders any updating necessary for the birth and death rate record. The amount of paper documents has increased, resulting in difficulty referencing by that particular hospital’s research doctors. The use of computers could improve the problem of access and this makes the interest of the researcher to be high in this topic. To the development more point, database management system will go long way toward the pare works and difficulties for the nurses and doctors in fact the staff are facing to carry out their daily duties.

1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The study’s main objective is to enable the staff of UATH to keep an accurate record of the death and birth rate statistics. This study will help the staff in many ways and will be useful in the following way:

To embrace the full knowledge and impact of computers in the birth rate system to enhance efficiency.

This study will help future employees in family planning and population study.

Also, the study helps the management to plan, organize coordinate and control operations to achieve the set objective.

All the above goes long way to help decision-making that will minimize cost and hence maximize profit.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

In any research work or proposed system, its significance must be clearly stated to bring meaning to the study and strengthen the flexibility of the proposed system in its mode of operation.

The proposed system will ensure the following:

• Provide quick access to information retrieval
• Provide reliable and timely information to the management.
• Enhance accuracy and improve consistency.
• Provide sufficient storage and processing facilities.
• Process data quickly and effectively

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

Death and birth registration system are carried almost all over the world today mainly in the develop countries. However, the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital was chosen as the scope of the study because of the inability of covering all the hospitals she wishes to cover. Considering the fact that the activities of the organization are done manually, it becomes necessary to state the problem encountered in carrying out their daily operation. Based on this, if the operation of (the BCU) baby care unit is done manually, accurate information will not be drawn but the implementation of the system will help in the storage of useful information that may be used in future reference.

Facts are that activities of the organization are done manually, it then become necessary to state the limitations that are being encountered by the study. They include:

In the course of birth registration the system only defines values inputted into it example the time of birth might not be accurate and can easily be jeopardized since an individual is operating it.

Also one of the limitations of the system example on death record is that the system does not have the ability to carry the dead patient to the mortuary and also a record of the occurrence of vital events in the cause of the death.

In some countries only people who lives in cities have access to the registration services of the system.

1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The data collection method adopted for this research includes Oral interviews, questionnaires, and Consultations of published literature.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Automation: This is the use of automation equipment machines to do work previously done by people mainly.

Advent: This has to do with the arrival or approach of an important personal event.

Constraints: This is a thing that limits or restricts an individual from processing.

Database: It is a large store data held in a computer and access to a person e.g. individual name, address and sex etc.

Computer hardware: These are the physical peripherals that one can see and touch in a computer system and also medical attach to the computer to examine the patient’s body.

Computer software: These are programs store in the computer by the manufactures. And more programs can also be stored by the manufactures. And more programs can also be stored by the person that bought the computer to do specific tasks.

Insufficient material: Since the hospital has not introduced the use of the computer in previous years. It is very difficult to get the necessary materials and materials related to the medical system to carry out this study.

Finance: One of the difficulties encountered during the study is the lack of money to finance the researcher to get all the needed materials. Some find it difficult to transport to where he wants to get materials.

Time constraint: Lack of time affects this study, the time given is not enough for the researcher to encounter all the materials he needs for the study. The above factor makes it difficult for the researcher to obtain all the information required for the project work competition.

Medical laboratory: This is where patients are tested and examined to know the particular problem they have before treatment.

Cardiologist laboratory: This is a medical doctor who specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. He is an expert in handling specialized equipment such as the electrocardiograph, and in reading the various training that indicates whether the heart muscle is working normally or behaving in some unusual manner.

Pathologist: A pathologist is not a medical doctor although he has some basic training in the effect of medicines on the human body.

Pharmacologist: A pharmacologist is a medical doctor who specialises in drugs and their effect on the human body.

Laboratory scientist: He is a species in the field of medical laboratory. He directs and supervises a specialized division.

Specimen specialist: This is a substance taken to be tested to represent the whole for a definite purpose.

Patience: This is an individual who is sick and is admitted to the hospital for treatment.

Ultrasound: This has to do with the following having volume, bulky and copies.