Effect of Nurse-led Training on Self-management of Diabetes Among Diabetic Patients Attending Medical Out-patient Clinic in General Hospital

Effect of Nurse-led Training on Self-management of Diabetes Among Diabetic Patients Attending Medical Out-patient Clinic in General Hospital Odan Lagos State

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a metabolic disease in which the glucose level in the blood is high over extended periods. Self-management poses great problem on patients. Improper glycaemic control has a link with an increased risk of visual impairment, kidney failure, cardiovascular disease and lower extremity amputation from foot gangrene. The aim of self-management of diabetes mellitus is to ensure that blood glucose is at a normal range thereby reducing the risk of complications. Despite advancement in diabetes self-management education through recent discoveries 73% of diabetic patients do not practice self-monitoring of blood glucose.

Dorothea Orem self- care conceptual model was adopted for the study. One group pre/post quasi-experimental design was chosen to carry out the research. The population were individuals diagnosed of diabetes mellitus and attend diabetic clinic of medical outpatient unit of General hospital Lagos. Sample size was 20 patients and purposive sampling was adopted to select the 20 patients from medical outpatient clinic of the hospital.A designed questionnaire was used to collect data on knowledge and self-care practiceconcerning diabetes mellitus among diabetic patientspre/post-intervention. The procedure for collecting data involve mobilization of respondents at the clinic, one week training and post-test conducted two weeks post-intervention. Face and content validity of instruments were determined by the supervisor and other experts in the field. The reliability of the questionnaire was ascertained using Cronbach alpha reliability test and reliability coefficient was calculated to be 0.83. The training modulewas also pre-tested and found suitable for the study. Data were processed through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 21. Two research questions and two hypotheses were tested through descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics of student t- test at 0.05 level of significance to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses.

The results showed that; (a) 30% were good in knowledge pre-intervention, post-intervention all the respondent increased by 70% in knowledge. (b)55% were good in self-care practice pre-intervention,post-intervention 45% respondents increased in self-care practice(c) There is significant effect in nurse-led training on knowledge regarding self-management among diabetic patients with a mean knowledge score of 14.2 post-intervention (p = 0.000).(d) There is significant effect in nurse-led training on practice regarding self-care activities among diabetic patients with a mean practice score of 1.05post-intervention (p= 0.000). Findings showed that knowledge and self-care practice concerning diabetes mellitus among diabetic patients was improved as respondents showed improved knowledge and practice regarding self-management of diabetes mellitus.

This study recommended that a well-organized and structured education programme should be introduced to improve knowledge and practice concerning self-management of diabetes among diabetic patients as well as quality of nursing care.

Keywords: Effect, Nurse-led training, Knowledge, Self-management, Diabetes mellitus.