(a) Draw a sketch map of Africa. On the map, show and name;
(i) two oil-producing areas;
(ii) one town in each of the areas in (a) (i) above.
(b) Highlight any three contributions of oil to the economic development of one of the areas shown in (a) (i) above.
(c) Describe any three problems affecting the mining of petroleum in one of the areas shown in (a) (i) above.
Explanation
(a)
(b) Contribution of oil to the economic development of Nigeria, Libya and Algeria.
(1) Foreign exchange earnings.
(2) Improved standard of living.
(3) Growth of towns.
(4) Acquisition of skills.
(5) Employment.
(6) Production of geological maps.
(7) Growth of ancillary industries.
(8) Diversification of the economy.
(9) Revenue to the government.
(10) Income to workers.
(11) Development of infrastructures.
(12) Provision of essential goods, e.g. kerosene, grease, etc.
(13) Raw materials for industries.
(c) Problems affecting the mining of Petroleum in Nigeria, Libya and Algeria.
(a) Inadequate capital to exploit the mineral.
(b) Difficult terrain.
(c) Environmental pollution.
(d) Destruction of the aquatic ecosystem.
(e) Constant conflicts with the local people.
(f) Price fluctuation in the world market.
(g) High rate of sabotage by the people within the mining areas.
(h) Poor management.
(i) Inadequate trained personnel.
(j) High cost of production.
(k) Outdated topographical maps.
(l) Poor transport network.